Higher-Order $(F,\alpha, \beta, \rho, d, E) $-Convexity in Fractional Programming

In this paper we define higher order $(F,\alpha, \beta, \rho,d, E)$-convex function with respect to $E$-differentiable function $K$ and obtain optimality conditions for nonlinear programming problem (NP) from the concept of higher order $(F,\alpha, \beta, \rho,d)$-convexity. Here, we establish Mond-Weir and Wolfe duality for (NP) and utilize these duality in nonlinear fractional programming problem.     

Main injector particle production experiment at Fermilab

The main injector particle production (MIPP) experiment at Fermilab uses particle beams of charged pions, kaons, proton and antiproton with beam momenta of 5?C90 GeV/c to measure particle production cross-sections of various nuclei including liquid hydrogen, MINOS target and thin targets of beryllium, carbon, bismuth and uranium. The physics motivation to perform such cross-section measurements is described here. Recent results on the analysis of NuMI target and forward neutron cross-sections are presented here. Preliminary cross-section measurements for 58 GeV/c proton on liquid hydrogen target are also presented. A new method is described to correct for low multiplicity inefficiencies in the trigger using KNO scaling.     

Effect of isospin-dependent cross-section on fragment production in the collision of charge asymmetric nuclei

To understand the role of isospin effects on fragmentation due to the collisions of charge asymmetric nuclei, we have performed a complete systematical study using isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model. Here simulations have been carried out for $^{124}{\rm X}_{n}+^{124}{\rm X}_{n}$ , where n varies from 47 to 59 and for $^{40}{\rm Y}_{m}+^{40}{\rm Y}_{m}$ , where m varies from 14 to 23. Our study shows that isospin-dependent cross-section shows its influence on fragmentation in the collision of neutron-rich nuclei.     

Pattern formation in arrays of chemical oscillators

We describe a simple model mimicking diffusively coupled chemical micro-oscillators. We characterize the rich variety of dynamical states emerging from the model under variation of time delay in coupling, coupling strength and boundary conditions. The spatiotemporal patterns obtained include clustering, mixed dynamics, inhomogeneous steady states and amplitude death. Further, under delay in coupling, the model yields transitions from phase to antiphase oscillations, reminiscent of that observed in experiments [M Toiya et al, J. Chem. Lett. 1, 1241 (2010)].     

Free convection effects and radiative heat transfer in MHD Stokes problem for the flow of dusty conducting fluid through porous medium

The present note deals with the effects of radiative heat transfer and free convection in MHD for a flow of an electrically conducting, incompressible, dusty viscous fluid past an impulsively started vertical non-conducting plate, under the influence of transversely applied magnetic field. The heat due to viscous dissipation and induced magnetic field is assumed to be negligible. The governing linear partial differential equations are solved by finite difference technique. The effects of various parameters (like radiation parameter N, Prandtl number Pr, porosity parameter K) entering into the MHD Stokes problem for flow of dusty conducting fluid have been examined on the temperature field and velocity profile for both the dusty fluid and dust particles.     

Dual Q-switched laser outputs from a single lasing medium using an intracavity MEMS micromirror array

An intracavity array of individually controlled microelectromechanical system scanning micromirrors was used to actively Q-switch a single side-pumped Nd:YAG gain medium. Two equal power independent laser outputs were simultaneously obtained by separate actuation of two adjacent micromirrors with a combined average output power of 125?mW. Pulse durations of 28?ns FWHM at 8.7?kHz repetition frequency and 34?ns FWHM at 7.9?kHz repetition frequency were observed for the two output beams with beam quality factors M² of 1.2 and 1.1 and peak powers of 253?W and 232?W, respectively.     

Power generation using an activated carbon and metal mesh cathode in a microbial fuel cell

An inexpensive activated carbon (AC) air cathode was developed as an alternative to a platinum-catalyzed electrode for oxygen reduction in a microbial fuel cell (MFC). AC was cold-pressed with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) binder to form the cathode around a Ni mesh current collector. This cathode construction avoided the need for carbon cloth or a metal catalyst, and produced a cathode with high activity for oxygen reduction at typical MFC current densities. Tests with the AC cathode produced a maximum power density of 1220 mW/m² (normalized to cathode projected surface area; 36 W/m³ based on liquid volume) compared to 1060 mW/m² obtained by Pt catalyzed carbon cloth cathode. The Coulombic efficiency ranged from 15% to 55%. These findings show that AC is a cost-effective material for achieving useful rates of oxygen reduction in air cathode MFCs.     

A new palladium catalyzed protocol for atom-efficient cross-coupling reactions of triarylbismuths with aryl halides and triflates

A new palladium catalyzed protocol for an atom-efficient cross-coupling reaction of triarylbismuths with aryl halides and triflates has been described. The palladium catalytic system with Cs₂CO₃ base was found to be very efficient in DMA solvent to furnish excellent yields of cross-coupled functionalized biaryls in short reaction times.     

A tandem mass spectrometric approach to the identification of O‐glycosylated glargine glycoforms in active pharmaceutical ingredient expressed in Pichia pastoris

Glycoforms of glargine expressed in Pichia pastoris were isolated by high‐performance liquid chromatography and analyzed by a series of chemical and mass spectrometric methods for the identification of various glycoforms, glycosylation position, nature and structure of glycans. Reduction and alkylation, peptide mapping techniques were used to decipher the amino acid site at which glycosylation had taken place. Chemical methods were coupled with mass spectrometry techniques such as electrospray ionization and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization for identification of the glycosylation site. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.